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Virtual herbarium
In botany, a virtual herbarium is a herbarium in a digitized form. That is, it concerns a collection of digital images of preserved plants or plant parts. Virtual herbaria often are established to improve availability of specimens to a wider audience. However, there are digital herbaria that are not suitable for internet access because of the high resolution of scans and resulting large file sizes (several hundred megabytes per file). Additional information about each specimen, such as the location, the collector, and the botanical name are attached to every specimen. Frequently, further details such as related species and growth requirements are mentioned.
== Specimen Imaging ==
The standard hardware used for herbarium specimen imaging is the "HerbScan" scanner. It is an inverted flat-bed scanner which raises the specimen up to the scanning surface.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.kew.org/data/herb_digitisation.html )〕 This technology was developed because it is standard practice to never turn a herbarium specimen upside-down. Alternatively, some herbaria employ a flat-bed book scanner or a copy stand to achieve the same effect.
A small color chart and a ruler must be included on a herbarium sheet when it is imaged. The JSTOR Plant Science〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://plants.jstor.org/ )〕 requires that a the ruler bears the herbarium name and logo, and that a ColorChecker chart is used for any specimens to be contributed to the Global Plants Initiative (GPI).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.snsb.info/SNSBInfoOpenWiki/attach/Attachments/JSTOR-Plants-Handbook.pdf )〕 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://gpi.myspecies.info/ )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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